Dalībnieks:IndulisMX/Smilšu kaste: Atšķirības starp versijām
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'''Līgums''' plašakā nozīmē ir ikkatra vairāku personu savstarpēja vienošanās par kādu tiesisku attiecību nodibināšanu, pārgrozīšanu, vai izbeigšanu.<ref>* [[Civillikuma]] 1511. pants</ref> Līgums var apzīmēt saistības un darījumus starp valstīm, iestādēm, [[uzņēmums|uzņēmumiem]], organizācijām un personām uz noteiktu laikposmu. |
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==Raksturojums Civillikumā== |
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A '''Minsky moment''' is the economic phenomenon that occurs when over-indebted investors are forced to sell good assets to pay back their loans, causing sharp declines in financial markets and jumps in demand for cash.<ref name=guardian>{{citation|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2007/aug/22/comment.business|publisher=The Guardian|date=August 22, 2007|title=In praise of ... Hyman Minsky}}</ref><ref name=WSJ20070818/> In any credit cycle or business cycle it is the point when investors begin having cash flow problems due to the spiraling debt incurred in financing speculative investments. At this point no [[counterparty]] can be found to bid at the high asking prices previously quoted; consequently, a major sell-off begins leading to a sudden and precipitous collapse in [[market clearing|market-clearing]] asset prices and a sharp drop in [[market liquidity]].<ref name=guardian/> |
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==Civillikuma atsauces== |
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* Civillikuma Ceturtā daļa, Saistību tiesības, Otrā nodaļa - Līgumi, |
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* Trešā apakšnodaļa - Līguma priekšmets, |
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* Ceturtā apakšnodaļa - Nosacījumi,] |
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The term was coined by Paul McCulley of [[PIMCO]] in 1998, to describe the 1998 Russian financial crisis,<ref name=WSJ20070818>{{citation |
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|title=In Time of Tumult, Obscure Economist Gains Currency |
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|subtitle=Mr. Minsky Long Argued Markets Were Crisis Prone; His 'Moment' Has Arrived |
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|first=Justin |
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|last=Lahart |
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|journal=The Wall Street Journal |
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|date=2007-08-18 |
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|url=http://online.wsj.com/public/article/SB118736585456901047.html |
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}}</ref> and was named after economist Hyman Minsky. The Minsky moment comes after a long period of prosperity and increasing values of investments, which has encouraged increasing amounts of speculation using borrowed money. |
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Some, such as McCulley, have dated the start of the [[financial crisis of 2007–2010]] to a Minsky moment, and called the following crisis a "reverse Minsky journey"; McCulley dates the moment to August 2007,<ref>[http://www.pimco.com/LeftNav/Featured+Market+Commentary/FF/2009/Global+Central+Bank+Focus+April+2009+Money+Marketeers+Solitaire+McCulley.htm Global Central Bank Focus], by Paul McCulley</ref> while others date the start to some months earlier or later, such as the June 2007 failure of two [[Bear Stearns]] funds. |
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The concept has some parallels with Austrian business cycle theory<ref>{{ |
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Citation |title=Competing explanations of the Minsky moment: The financial instability hypothesis in light of Austrian theory |first=David L. |last=Prychitko |journal=The Review of Austrian Economics |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=199 |year=2009 |
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|doi=10.1007/s11138-009-0097-1 |url=http://www.springerlink.com/content/g131473281177713/ |postscript=.}},</ref> although Minsky himself was known as a Keynesian and is identified as a post-Keynesian.<ref>King, J.E. "Post Keynesian economics." ''The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics''. Second Edition. Eds. Steven N. Durlauf and Lawrence E. Blume. Palgrave Macmillan, 2008. The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics Online. Palgrave Macmillan. 06 October 2011 <http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_P000135> {{doi|10.1057/9780230226203.1314}}</ref> |
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== Notes == |
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{{reflist}} |
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== Further reading == |
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* [http://blog.seattlepi.nwsource.com/buzz/archives/120279.asp What's a Minsky moment?] – ''Seattle Post-Intelligencer'' |
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* [http://alamedalearning.com/reality/2007/07/29/minsky-has-his-moment/ Minsky has his moment] – ''Financial Reality'' |
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* [http://drhousingbubble.blogspot.com/2007/07/housing-minsky-moment-3-factors-prime.html Housing Minsky moment] – ''Doctor Housing Bubble'' |
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* [http://www.moneyweek.com/news-and-charts/economics/have-we-reached-a-minsky-moment.aspx Have we reached a Minsky moment?] – ''[[MoneyWeek]]'' |
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* [http://www.newyorker.com/talk/comment/2008/02/04/080204taco_talk_cassidy The Minsky Moment], by [[John Cassidy (journalist)|John Cassidy]] – ''[The New Yorker'' |
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{{val-it|Napoli}} |
{{val-it|Napoli}} |
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Versija, kas saglabāta 2012. gada 14. jūnijs, plkst. 00.40
A Minsky moment is the economic phenomenon that occurs when over-indebted investors are forced to sell good assets to pay back their loans, causing sharp declines in financial markets and jumps in demand for cash.[1][2] In any credit cycle or business cycle it is the point when investors begin having cash flow problems due to the spiraling debt incurred in financing speculative investments. At this point no counterparty can be found to bid at the high asking prices previously quoted; consequently, a major sell-off begins leading to a sudden and precipitous collapse in market-clearing asset prices and a sharp drop in market liquidity.[1]
The term was coined by Paul McCulley of PIMCO in 1998, to describe the 1998 Russian financial crisis,[2] and was named after economist Hyman Minsky. The Minsky moment comes after a long period of prosperity and increasing values of investments, which has encouraged increasing amounts of speculation using borrowed money.
Some, such as McCulley, have dated the start of the financial crisis of 2007–2010 to a Minsky moment, and called the following crisis a "reverse Minsky journey"; McCulley dates the moment to August 2007,[3] while others date the start to some months earlier or later, such as the June 2007 failure of two Bear Stearns funds.
The concept has some parallels with Austrian business cycle theory[4] although Minsky himself was known as a Keynesian and is identified as a post-Keynesian.[5]
Notes
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 In praise of ... Hyman Minsky, The Guardian, August 22, 2007
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 Lahart, Justin (2007-08-18), "In Time of Tumult, Obscure Economist Gains Currency", The Wall Street Journal
- ↑ Global Central Bank Focus, by Paul McCulley
- ↑ Prychitko, David L. (2009), "Competing explanations of the Minsky moment: The financial instability hypothesis in light of Austrian theory", The Review of Austrian Economics 32 (3): 199, doi:10.1007/s11138-009-0097-1,
- ↑ King, J.E. "Post Keynesian economics." The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. Second Edition. Eds. Steven N. Durlauf and Lawrence E. Blume. Palgrave Macmillan, 2008. The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics Online. Palgrave Macmillan. 06 October 2011 <http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_P000135> doi:10.1057/9780230226203.1314
Further reading
- What's a Minsky moment? – Seattle Post-Intelligencer
- Minsky has his moment – Financial Reality
- Housing Minsky moment – Doctor Housing Bubble
- Have we reached a Minsky moment? – MoneyWeek
- The Minsky Moment, by John Cassidy – [The New Yorker
Raksti
- Coase, Ronald (1937), "The Nature of the Firm", Economica 4 (16): 386–405, doi:10.1111/j.1468-0335.1937.tb00002.x
- Coase, Ronald (1960), "The Problem of Social Cost", Journal of Law and Economics 3 (1): 1–44, doi:10.1086/466560
- Coase, Ronald (1972), "Durability and Monopoly", Journal of Law and Economics 15 (1): 143–149, doi:10.1086/466731.
- Coase, Ronald H. (1974), "The Lighthouse in Economics", Journal of Law and Economics 17 (2): 357–376, doi:10.1086/466796
- Coase, Ronald (1992), "The Institutional Structure of Production", American Economic Review 82 (4): 713–719.
Ārējā saite
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Nāgārdžuna sistematizeja pradžnaparamitas macibu. [1]
Tibetas budisms[2]
Rindzai Dzenbudisms un Japānas militarisms, otra pasaules kara laikā.[3]
Sangha (sanskrits) , mūku kopiena, vēlāk, meditācijas centra biedri. Pradžnaparamita
http://balticexport.com/?article=latvijas-ekonomika&lang=lv
http://balticexport.com/?article=latvijas-ekonomika&lang=lv[1] Rīgas fondu birža
latīņu: Tabulae Rudolphinae
- Blanchard, Olivier (2000), Macroeconomics, Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-013306-X.
- Olivier Blanchard. Macroeconomics Updated (5th izd.). Englewood Cliffs : Prentice Hall, 2011. ISBN 978-0-13-215986-9.
Atsauces
Atsauces
Atsauces
- ↑ Budisms (latviski)
- ↑ http://www.berzinarchives.com/web/en/index.html The Buddhist Archives of Dr. Alexander Berzin
- ↑ Zen At War, Brian Victoria, ISBN 0-8348-0405-0
- ↑ Meditation on Emptiness, Jeffrey Hopkins, ISBN 0-86171-110-6