Apskatīt Hamās izejas kodu

{{nosaukums slīprakstā}}
{{Infokaste
| bodystyle      = {{WPMILHIST Infobox style|main_box_raw}}
| above          = ''Hamās''<br />"Islāmiskā pretošanās kustība"
| abovestyle     = {{WPMILHIST Infobox style|header_raw}}
| subheader      = <div class="nickname">{{ara|حَمَاس}}
| subheaderstyle = {{WPMILHIST Infobox style|sub_header_raw}}
| image          = [[Attēls:Flag_of_Hamas.svg|185px]]
| imagestyle     = {{WPMILHIST Infobox style|image_box_raw}}
| caption        = ''Hamās'' karogs

| label1         = Politiskā biroja priekšsēdētājs
| data1          = [[Ismails Hanija]]†, <br>[[Jahja Sinvars]]†
| label2         = Līderis Gazas joslā
| data2          = 
| label3         = Dibinātāji
| data3          = [[Ahmeds Jasins]] †<br />[[Abdels Azizs al Rantisi]] †<br />[[Muhameds Taha]] †
| label4         = Dibināta
| data4          = 1987. gada 10. decembrī
| label5         = Atdalījusies no
| data5          = "[[Musulmaņu brālība]]"
| label6         = Galvenā mītne
| data6          = [[Gaza]], [[Gazas josla]]
| label7         = Militārais spārns
| data7          = [[Iz ad-Dīna al-Kasāma brigādes]]
| label8         = Ideoloģija
| data8          = {{ubl|[[islāmisms]]|[[palestīniešu nacionālisms]]||[[islāma nacionālisms]]|[[antiamerikānisms]]|[[anticionisms]]|[[antisemītisms]]}}
| label9         = Reliģija
| data9          = [[Sunnītu islāms]]
| label10         = Kaujinieku skaits
| data10          = 40 000<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=How Hamas secretly built a 'mini-army' to fight Israel {{!}} Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/how-hamas-secretly-built-mini-army-fight-israel-2023-10-13/ |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=reuters.com |date={{dat|2023|10|13||bez}} |language=en |archive-date={{dat|2023|10|13||bez}} |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231013214141/https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/how-hamas-secretly-built-mini-army-fight-israel-2023-10-13/ }}</ref>
| label11         = Politiskā alianse
| data11          = [[Palestīniešu spēku alianse]] <small>(līdz 2012. gadam, atgriezusies 2022. gadā)</small>
| label12         = Sabiedrotie
| data12          = {{Hidden begin}}
[[Attēls:Flag_of_Egypt.svg|22px]] [[Ēģipte]] (2011–2013)<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |last1=Kingsley |first1=Patrick |title=Egyptian army questions Mohamed Morsi over alleged Hamas terror links |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/26/egyptian-army-question-morsi-hamas-links |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=The Guardian |date={{dat|2013|7|26||bez}} |language=en}}</ref><br />[[Attēls:Flag_of_Iran.svg|22px]] [[Irāna]]<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=Adviser to Iran’s Khamenei expresses support for Palestinian attacks: Report {{!}} Al Arabiya English |url=https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2023/10/07/Adviser-to-Iran-s-Khamenei-expresses-support-for-Palestinian-attacks-Report |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=Al Arabiya |date={{dat|2023|10|7||bez}} |archive-date={{dat|2023|10|07||bez}} |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231007183611/https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2023/10/07/Adviser-to-Iran-s-Khamenei-expresses-support-for-Palestinian-attacks-Report }}</ref><br />[[Attēls:Flag_of_Qatar.svg|22px]] [[Katara]]<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=What is Hamas and who supports it? – DW – 05/15/2021 |url=https://amp.dw.com/en/who-is-hamas/a-57537872 |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=dw.com |language=en}}</ref><br />[[Attēls:Flag_of_Sudan.svg|22px]] [[Sudāna]] <small>(līdz 2019. gadam, reizēm kopš 2023. gada)</small><ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=After fall of Bashir, Sudan closes door on support for Hamas {{!}} Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/after-fall-bashir-sudan-closes-door-support-hamas-2021-09-23/ |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=Reuters |date={{dat|2023|10|15||bez}} |archive-date={{dat|2023|10|15||bez}} |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015080511/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/after-fall-bashir-sudan-closes-door-support-hamas-2021-09-23/ }}</ref><br />[[Attēls:Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_(1958–1971).svg|22px]] [[Sīrija]] <small>(līdz 2011. gadam, atkārtoti kopš 2022. gada)</small><ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=Experts Weigh in on Regional Impact of Syria-Hamas Rapprochement |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/experts-weigh-in-on-regional-impact-of-syria-hamas-rapprochement-teaser-/6798449.html |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=Voice of America |date={{dat|2022|10|20||bez}} |language=en}}</ref><br />[[Attēls:Flag_of_Turkey.svg|22px]] [[Turcija]]<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=Hamas leader to visit Turkey for talks with Erdogan |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/hamas-leader-visit-turkey-talks-with-erdogan-2024-04-17/ |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=Reuters}}</ref><br />[[Attēls:Flag_of_North_Korea.svg|22px]] [[Ziemeļkoreja]]<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=Lawsuit accuses Iran, Syria and North Korea of providing support for Hamas' Oct. 7 attack on Israel |url=https://apnews.com/article/israel-hamas-lawsuit-iran-syria-north-korea-86460c28b0e7f8c6c8cd1fad6b1f5929 |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=AP News |date={{dat|2024|7|1||bez}} |language=en}}</ref><br />[[Attēls:InfoboxHez.PNG|22px]] ''[[Hezbollah]]''<br />[[Attēls:Slogan_of_the_Houthi_Movement.svg|22px]] [[Hutieši]]<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=Houthis, Hamas merge diplomacy around prisoner releases - Al-Monitor: The Middle Eastʼs leading independent news source since 2012 |url=https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2021/01/yemen-houthis-release-saudi-palestinian-hamas-prisoners.html |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=www.al-monitor.com |language=en}}</ref><br />[[Palestīnas Islāma Džihāds|Islāma Džihāds]]<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=Mortars fired from Lebanon, infiltrators killed as 6 Israelis injured in gunfight {{!}} The Times of Israel |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/mortars-fired-from-lebanon-infiltrators-killed-as-6-israelis-hurt-in-gunfight/ |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=timesofisrael.com |date={{dat|2023|10|9||bez}} |archive-date={{dat|2023|10|09||bez}} |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009170223/https://www.timesofisrael.com/mortars-fired-from-lebanon-infiltrators-killed-as-6-israelis-hurt-in-gunfight/ }}</ref><br />[[Palestīnas Tautas atbrīvošanās fronte|Tautas atbrīvošanās fronte]]<br />[[Attēls:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine.svg|22px]] [[Palestīnas Demokrātiskā atbrīvošanās fronte|Demokrātiskā fronte]]<br />[[Lauvas midzenis]]<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=Qassam Brigades announces control of 'Erez {{!}} Roya News |url=https://en.royanews.tv/news/44975/2023-10-07 |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=en.royanews.tv |date={{dat|2023|10|7||bez}} |archive-date={{dat|2023|10|07||bez}} |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231007102147/https://en.royanews.tv/news/44975/2023-10-07 }}</ref><br />[[Attēls:Flag_of_Palestine.svg|22px]] [[Al-Aksas mocekļu brigādes]]<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=Iran Update, October 17, 2023 {{!}} Institute for the Study of War |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/iran-update-october-17-2023 |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=understandingwar.org |date={{dat|2023|10|19||bez}} |archive-date={{dat|2023|10|19||bez}} |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231019055319/https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/iran-update-october-17-2023 }}</ref><br />[[Attēls:Flag_of_the_Al-Nasser_Salah_al-Deen_Brigades.svg|22px]] [[Tautas pretošanās komitejas]]<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=IDF says it killed head of military wing of Gaza's Popular Resistance Committees {{!}} The Times of Israel |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/idf-says-it-killed-head-of-military-wing-of-gazas-popular-resistance-committees/ |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=The Times of Israel |date={{dat|2023|10|19||bez}} |archive-date={{dat|2023|10|19||bez}} |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231019051338/https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/idf-says-it-killed-head-of-military-wing-of-gazas-popular-resistance-committees/ }}</ref>
{{Hidden end}}
| label13         = Pretinieki
| data13          = {{Hidden begin}}
[[Attēls:Flag_of_Egypt.svg|22px]] [[Ēģipte]]<ref name="who-in-the-arab-world-still-supports-hamas">{{ziņu atsauce |title=Who in the Arab World Still Supports Hamas? {{!}} Time |url=http://time.com/3033681/hamas-gaza-palestine-israel-egypt/ |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=time.com |date={{dat|2019|4|14||bez}} |archive-date={{dat|2014|08|09||bez}} |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809231847/http://time.com/3033681/hamas-gaza-palestine-israel-egypt/ }}</ref><br />[[Attēls:Flag_of_Israel.svg|22px]] [[Izraēla]]<br />[[Attēls:Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg|22px]] [[AAE]]<ref name="who-in-the-arab-world-still-supports-hamas" /><br />[[Attēls:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg|22px]] [[ASV]]<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |last1=Narea |first1=Nicole |title=How the US became Israel’s closest ally |url=https://www.vox.com/world-politics/23916266/us-israel-support-ally-gaza-war-aid |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=Vox |date={{dat|2023|10|13||bez}} |language=en}}</ref><br />[[Attēls:Fatah_Flag_Vector_Graphic.svg|22px]] ''[[Fatah]]''<br />[[Attēls:Flag_of_the_Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant2.svg|22px]] [[Islāma valsts]]<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=What Effect ISIS' Declaration Of War Against Hamas Could Have In The Middle East : NPR |url=https://www.npr.org/2018/01/15/578172703/what-effect-isis-declaration-of-war-against-hamas-could-have-in-the-middle-east |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=npr.org |date={{dat|2024|3|7||bez}} |archive-date={{dat|2024|03|07||bez}} |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240307083723/https://www.npr.org/2018/01/15/578172703/what-effect-isis-declaration-of-war-against-hamas-could-have-in-the-middle-east }}</ref>
{{Hidden end}}
| label14         = Militārās operācijas
| data14          = [[Izraēlas—Palestīnas konflikts]]
* [[Izraēlas—Hamās karš (kopš 2023. gada)|Izraēlas—''Hamās'' karš]]
[[Izraēlas—Gazas konflikts]]<br />[[Fatah—Hamās konflikts|''Fatah''—''Hamās'' konflikts]]<br />[[Izraēlas—Libānas konflikts]]
| label15         = Atzīta par teroristisku organizāciju
| data15          = {{karogs|Argentīna}}<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=El gobierno argentino incluirá al grupo Hamás en la lista de organizaciones terroristas – frente a Cano |url=https://frenteacano.com.ar/el-gobierno-argentino-incluira-al-grupo-hamas-en-la-lista-de-organizaciones-terroristas/ |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |language=es-AR}}</ref><br />{{karogs|Austrālija}}<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=Entirety of Hamas to be listed as a terrorist organisation |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-02-17/hamas-palestinian-listed-as-terrorist-group-australia-government/100839262 |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=ABC News |date={{dat|2022|2|17||bez}} |language=en-AU}}</ref><br />{{karogs|ASV}}<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=Foreign Terrorist Organizations |url=https://www.state.gov/foreign-terrorist-organizations/ |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=United States Department of State |language=en}}</ref><br />{{karogs|Apvienotā Karaliste}}<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=Proscribed terrorist groups or organisations |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/proscribed-terror-groups-or-organisations--2/proscribed-terrorist-groups-or-organisations-accessible-version |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=GOV.UK |language=en}}</ref><br />{{karogs|Paragvaja}}<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=Paraguay adds Hamas, Hezbollah to terrorism list – Middle East Monitor |url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20190820-paraguay-adds-hamas-hezbollah-to-terrorism-list/ |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=middleeastmonitor.com |date={{dat|2019|8|20||bez}} |language=en |archive-date={{dat|2019|08|20||bez}} |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820181540/https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20190820-paraguay-adds-hamas-hezbollah-to-terrorism-list/ }}</ref><br />{{karogs|Japāna}}<ref>{{tīmekļa atsauce |title=Japan's Foreign Policy in Major Diplomatic Fields |url=https://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/other/bluebook/2005/ch3-a.pdf |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}}}}</ref><ref>{{tīmekļa atsauce |title=国際テロリスト財産凍結法第４条及び第６条に基づき指定等を行った国際テロリスト |url=https://www.npa.go.jp/bureau/security/terrorism/031029/031029.pdf |website=npa.go.jp |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |archive-date={{dat|2022|03|28||bez}} |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220328223242/https://www.npa.go.jp/bureau/security/terrorism/031029/031029.pdf }}</ref><br />{{karogs|Jaunzēlande}}<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=NZ designates all of Hamas a terrorist entity |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2024/02/29/nz-designates-all-of-hamas-a-terrorist-entity/ |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=1News |language=en}}</ref><br />{{karogs|Kanāda}}<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |last1=Canada |first1=Public Safety |title=Currently listed entities |url=https://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/ntnl-scrt/cntr-trrrsm/lstd-ntts/crrnt-lstd-ntts-en.aspx |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=www.publicsafety.gc.ca |date={{dat|2018|12|21||bez}} |language=en}}</ref><br />{{karogs|Izraēla}}<ref>{{tīmekļa atsauce |title=Fighting terrorism |url=http://www.mod.gov.il/Defence-and-Security/Fighting_terrorism/Documents/teror16.11.xls |website=mod.gov.il |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |archive-date={{dat|2015|04|02||bez}} |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402122133/http://www.mod.gov.il/Defence-and-Security/Fighting_terrorism/Documents/teror16.11.xls }}</ref><br />[[Attēls:Flag_of_the_Organization_of_American_States.svg|22px]] [[Amerikas valstu organizācija]]<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=OAS - Organization of American States: Democracy for peace, security, and development |url=https://www.oas.org/en/media_center/press_release.asp?sCodigo=E-051/21 |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=OAS - Organization of American States |date={{dat|2009|8|1||bez}} |language=en}}</ref><br />[[Attēls:Flag_of_Europe.svg|22px]] [[Eiropas Savienība]]<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=EU court upholds Hamas terror listing {{!}} World news {{!}} The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jul/26/eu-court-upholds-hamas-terror-listing |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=web.archive.org |date={{dat|2017|7|26||bez}} |archive-date={{dat|2017|07|26||bez}} |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170726104628/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jul/26/eu-court-upholds-hamas-terror-listing }}</ref>
}}
'''''Hamās''''' ({{val|ar|حماس}}, {{Unicode|''Ḥamās''}}) ir [[Palestīnas Valsts|Palestīnas]] [[sunnīti|sunnītu]] [[paramilitārs|paramilitāra]] organizācija un [[politiskā partija]], kas ieguvusi lielāko daļu vietu [[Palestīnas Administrācija]]s [[Palestīnas Likumdošanas Padome|Likumdošanas padomē]].<ref name="BBCHamasVictory">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/4650788.stm "Hamas sweeps to election victory"] BBC News</ref> 
[[Eiropas Savienība]], [[Amerikas Savienotās Valstis|ASV]], [[Izraēla]], kā arī vairākas citas valstis uzskata ''Hamās'' par teroristisku organizāciju.

== Vēsture ==
Organizācija dibināta [[1987]]. gadā pirmās palestīniešu [[intifāda]]s laikā. Dibinātāji bija [[Musulmaņu brālība]]s palestīniešu spārna biedri [[šeihs Ahmeds Jāsīns]], [[Abdels Azīzs Rantīsī]] un [[Muhameds Taha]].

Tās nosaukums parasti tiek traktēts kā [[akronīms]] no {{ara| حركة المقاومة الاسلامية }} ''({{Unicode|Ḥarakat al Muqāwamat al Islāmiyyah}})'', kas nozīmē ''Islāmiskā pretošanās kustība''. Vārdam ''hamās'' arābu valodā ir nozīmes "centība", "iedvesma", "entuziasms".

2023. gada 7. oktobrī palestīniešu kaujinieku grupējumi, galvenokārt ''Hamās'' un [[Palestīnas islāma džihāds]] kopā ar [[Tautas fronte Palestīnas atbrīvošanai|Tautas fronti Palestīnas atbrīvošanai]], no [[Gazas josla]]s veica plašu [[Izraēlas-Hamās karš (kopš 2023. gada)|uzbrukumu]] [[Izraēla]]i un veica uzbrukumus Izraēlas kopienām un  militārajiem spēkiem pāri robežai.<ref>{{ziņu atsauce |title=Palestīniešu kaujinieku uzbrukumos Izraēlai nogalināti vismaz 250 cilvēki |url=https://www.apollo.lv/7870907/palestiniesu-kaujinieku-uzbrukumos-izraelai-nogalinati-vismaz-40-cilveki |accessdate={{dat|2024|7|31||bez}} |work=apollo.lv |date={{dat|2023|10|7||bez}} |language=lv}}</ref> 
Viens no uzbrukuma galvenajiem rīkotājiem bija [[Jahja Sinvars]], kuru nogalināja 2024. gada 17. oktobrī.<ref>[https://www.lsm.lv/raksts/zinas/arzemes/17.10.2024-izraela-gazas-josla-likvidets-hamas-vadonis-jahja-sinvars.a572961/?utm_source=lsm&utm_medium=theme&utm_campaign=theme Izraēla: Gazas joslā likvidēts «Hamās» vadonis Jahja Sinvars] lsm.lv 2024. gada 17. oktobrī</ref>

== Skatīt arī ==
* [[Islāmisms]]
* [[Izraēlas—Hamās karš (kopš 2023. gada)|Izraēlas—''Hamās'' karš (kopš 2023. gada)]]

== Atsauces ==
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== Ārējās saites ==
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[[Kategorija:Palestīna]]
[[Kategorija:Islāma organizācijas]]
[[Kategorija:Politiskās partijas]]